Government
Curious about how many Canadians vote? Since 1867, the average turnout is around 70.4%. Peaks hit 79.4% in 1958 and dipped to a low of 58.8% in 2008.
Following a general election, there are generally two outcomes: the formation of a majority or minority government. We break down what they are and how they function.
Elections Canada estimated that the 45th General Election would cost $570 million, or approximately $19.79 for each registered elector. That’s about $80 million more, or an increase of $2.02 per voter, compared to the previous election held in 2021.
Environment
Ontario is the only province or territory in Canada with Conservation Authorities. There are 36 across the province — 31 in southern Ontario with 5 in northern Ontario responsible for protecting land and water from natural hazards such as flooding, drought, erosion, and deforestation.
Canada is a global mining powerhouse, boasting abundant reserves of the critical minerals that underpin tomorrow’s technology. It has active mines, smelters, refineries, and a robust pipeline of advanced‑stage projects in every province and territory except Prince Edward Island.
Canada covers 9.98 million square kilometers, making it the second largest country in the world. In 2022, Canada forests made up 3.67 million square kilometers (367 million hectares), or almost 37% of the country’s total land area. These forests account for approximately 9% of the world's forests and 25% of the world’s boreal forest.
Population
Discover Canada's fastest-growing cities (2015–2024) — from West St. Paul’s 77% surge to top gains in Ontario, Quebec & BC. Explore trends and insights.
How fast are Canadian provinces aging? Track changes from 1971 to 2024—and discover why Atlantic Canada surged while Alberta stayed young.
The 2022/2023 academic year saw a record high of 2,211,345 students enrolled in Canadian public post-secondary institutions. International students accounted for over one-fifth (21.6%) of the total enrollment.
More Canadians are living alone than ever before. In 2021, approximately 4.4 million Canadians, roughly 15% of the population over the age of 15, lived alone. That is up 6.1% from 2016. Quebec leads the nation in the share of people living alone at 19%, while Nunavut had the least with 8%.
Economy
Registered Retirement Saving Plans or RRSPs are an important part of the retirements savings equation for many Canadians. These plans provide additional funds upon retirement, giving people an added level of financial security. Learn how many Canadians invest in RRSPs.
In 2023, Statistics Canada reported that 5.3 million Canadians—about 3 in 10 employees—were covered by collective bargaining agreements. Of which 76.7% of public sector employees were unionized compared to 15.5% of employees in the private sector.
In 2023, the agriculture sector in Canada employed 280,798 people, of which 79,734 or 28% were temporary foreign workers. This represents an increase of 15,085 people from the year before.
The Labour Force Survey provides insights into shifting national, provincial, territorial, and regional labour trends such as employment across industrial sectors, hours worked, labour force participation, and unemployment rates.
Health
Across Canada, healthcare spending varies by province and territory. Learn which region of Canada spends the most per capita on healthcare.
Discover what lands Canadians in the hospital most often. In 2023–2024, the top causes were childbirth, COPD/bronchitis, heart failure, pneumonia, and knee osteoarthritis.
Canada’s health care costs reached $336 billion in 2022, averaging $8,645 per person. See how spending has shifted since 1975 and what public funds cover.
Who lives the longest in Canada? In 2023, the longest life expectancies are in Quebec, Ontario, BC, while Manitoba, Newfoundland & Labrador, and Saskatchewan rank lowest.
Crime
See how rare homicides are in Canada: in 2024, there were 788 cases—or just 0.13% of violent crimes—with a national rate of 1.91 per 100,000 and varied provincial stats.
In 2024-2025, Ontario’s Ministry of Colleges and Universities committed $148.5 million in research funding, $90 million less than the previous year. From 2019-2020 to 2024-2025, over $772 billion was committed to early- and advanced-stage projects.