| Canada Facts
Population
Where do newcomers to Canada come from and where do they settle? What are the most spoken languages in the country? What is the median household income in Canada? We dig through data to uncover trends related to population and society and provide context on how they affect Canadians. Our Canada Facts series explores insights about Canada, all backed by solid data and designed to keep you informed and intrigued.
How have birth rates changed in Canada over time?
Canada's birth rate has dropped from 10.7 live births per 1,000 people in 2000 to 9.1 in 2025, while the total fertility rate has stalled at a record-low 1.26 children per woman. More women are remaining childless, and those who do become mothers are doing so later than ever
What are the most popular baby names in Canada?
Canada recorded 372,521 births in 2025. Charlotte was the most popular girls’ name, ending Olivia’s nine-year reign, while Noah topped the boys’ list for a fifth consecutive year.
How do Canadian students’ PISA scores compare with those of their international peers?
Canadian students rank among the top performers globally in science, mathematics, and reading, according to the results from the 2025 edition of PISA. However, their scores were the lowest recorded since the international assessment began in 2000. Learn more about Canada’s performance.
What does it cost to operate the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC)?
In 2024, the TTC recorded more than 419 million passenger trips. For many Toronto residents, it’s their primary mode of transportation getting them to and from neighbourhoods throughout the city. Explore what it costs to operate such a large public transit network.
How Ontario’s public transit system is funded
Ontario has an extensive public transit system, serviced by 106 municipal transit authorities and two provincial transit authorities, funded by revenues from fares and subsidies from municipal, provincial, and federal governments.
What are the most commonly spoken languages in Canada other than English and French?
Canada is a diverse country, and this is reflected in the number of different languages spoken by Canadians. In 2021, 3 in 10 Canadians reported being able to speak another language other than English or French.
What is the fastest growing city in Canada?
Discover Canada's fastest-growing cities (2015–2024) — from West St. Paul’s 77% surge to top gains in Ontario, Quebec & BC. Explore trends and insights.
How fast are provinces getting older?
How fast are Canadian provinces aging? Track changes from 1971 to 2024—and discover why Atlantic Canada surged while Alberta stayed young.
How many international students are enrolled in Canadian colleges and universities?
The 2022/2023 academic year saw a record high of 2,211,345 students enrolled in Canadian public post-secondary institutions. International students accounted for over one-fifth (21.6%) of the total enrollment.
More Canadians are living alone than ever before
More Canadians are living alone than ever before. In 2021, approximately 4.4 million Canadians, roughly 15% of the population over the age of 15, lived alone. That is up 6.1% from 2016. Quebec leads the nation in the share of people living alone at 19%, while Nunavut had the least with 8%.
What are the largest cities in Canada by population?
In 2024, Toronto, Ontario's population reached 3,273,119, making it the most populous city in Canada. About 42% of Canadians live in the 20 largest cities in the country.
What is the population of Canada?
According to Statistics Canada, the number of people living in Canada is estimated to have reached 41,288,599 people on July 1, 2024, up 3% or an increase of 1,205,115 people compared to the same period in the year prior.
How many people immigrate to Canada each year?
In 2023-2024, Canada welcomed more than 464,000 immigrants across all ten provinces and three territories. About 42% settled in Ontario, making it the most popular destination for immigrants. British Columbia and Alberta round out the top three.