How many Members of Parliament does Canada have?

Following the 2025 federal election, Canada’s House of Commons will have 343 Members of Parliament (MPs). These elected officials represent regions across the country, known as ridings or electoral districts, and are responsible for creating laws and advocating for the interests of their constituents. The number of MPs in the House of Commons changes over time to reflect shifts in Canada’s population.

The Constitution of Canada mandates that the number of seats in the House of Commons, as well as the boundaries of federal electoral districts, be reviewed after every decennial census—the most recent one was conducted in 2021. This process ensures representation keeps pace with population changes. Elections Canada, an independent and non-partisan agency that reports directly to Parliament, is responsible for calculating seat allocations using the representation formula set out in subsection 51(1) of the Constitution.

In addition to population figures, the formula includes two protective clauses:

• The senatorial clause guarantees that no province has fewer MPs than it has senators, even if its population declines.

• The grandfather clause ensures that no province has fewer MPs than it did in 2019.

You can find the formula here.

How many Members of Parliament does each province have?

Following the latest redistribution, the number of MPs increased from 338 to 343. This change reflects the creation of five new ridings: Alberta gained three seats, while Ontario and British Columbia each gained one. Ontario now has 122 MPs—about one-third of the House of Commons—making it the most represented province. Quebec follows with 78 MPs, and British Columbia ranks third with 43.

The chart below shows the number of electoral districts allocated to each province.